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LNG fleet

The LNG carrier market is expected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 3.6% during the forecast period of 2020 – 2025. LNG carriers are the tank ships designed to carry Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at a cryogenic temperature of -161°C. Factors such as flexible deployment capabilities, increased efficiency are expected to drive the market in the coming years.

• • Propulsion Type
• • Steam Turbines
• • Dual Fuel Diesel Engine/Tri-Fuel Diesel Engine (DFDE/TFDE)
• • Slow-Speed Diesel (SSD)
• • M-type Electronically Controlled Gas Injection (ME-GI)
• • XDF- Two Stroke Engine
• • Steam Re-heat and Stage

VLGC

LPG carriers in the 50,000–80,000 m3 (1,800,000–2,800,000 cu ft) size range are often referred to as VLGCs (Very Large Gas Carriers). The first purpose-built, lpg tanker was the m/t Rasmus Tholstrup from a Swedish shipyard to a Danish design. Prismatic tanks enabled the ship’s cargo carrying capacity to be maximised, thus making fully refrigerated ships highly suitable for carrying large volumes of cargo such as LPG, ammonia and vinyl chloride over long distances.

VLEC

The newly developed Very Large Ethane Carrier design also has the potential to carry a variety of different gases such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), commercial ethane/ethylene, pure propane, commercial butane, commercial propane, mixture of propane and butane in any proportion and propylene.

LPG Fully refrigerated

Petroleum hydrocarbon products such as Propane and Butane, and mixtures of both have been categorised by the oil industry as LPG. It is widely used in domestic and industrial purposes today. The most important property of LPG is that it is suitable for being pressurized into liquid form and transported. But there are conditions related to pressure and temperature that need to be maintained for the above to be carried out without posing threat to life, environment, and cargo.

• • The gas should be pressurised at ambient temperature.
• • The gas should be fully refrigerated at its boiling point.
• • Boiling point of LPG rangers from -30 degree Celsius to -48 degree celsius.
• • This condition is called fully-refrigerated condition.
• • The gas must be semi-refrigerated to a reduced temperature and pressurized.

Ethylene LPG Semi refrigerated

Ethylene carriers are the most sophisticated of the gas tankers and have the ability to carry not only most other liquefied gas cargoes but also ethylene at its atmospheric boiling point of −104 °C (−155 °F). These ships feature cylindrical, insulated, stainless steel cargo tanks able to accommodate cargoes up to a maximum specific gravity of 1.8 at temperatures ranging from a minimum of −104 °C to a maximum of +80 °C (176 °F) and at a maximum tank pressure of 4 bar.

LPG Semi refrigerated

Semi-pressurized/semi-refrigerated state however due to further development semi-pressurised/fully refrigerated gas carriers had become the shipowners’ choice by providing high flexibility in cargo handling. These carriers, incorporating tanks either cylindrical, spherical or bi-lobe in shape, are able to load or discharge gas cargoes at both refrigerated and pressurised storage facilities.

LPG full pressurized

Fully pressurised oceangoing LPG carriers are fitted with two or three horizontal, cylindrical or spherical cargo tanks and have typical capacities between 20,000 to 1,000,000 Tonnes and Length overall ranging from 220 m to 260 m . However, in recent years a number of larger-capacity fully pressurised ships have been built, most notably a series of 10,800 m3 (380,000 cu ft) ships, built in Japan between 2003 and 2013. Fully pressurised ships are still being built in numbers and represent a cost-effective, simple way of moving LPG to and from smaller gas terminals.

Crude Oil Tanker ( VLCC , ULCC)

Supertankers are the largest tankers, and the largest man-made mobile structures. They include very large and ultra-large crude carriers (VLCCs and ULCCs) with capacities over 250,000 DWT. These ships can transport 2,000,000 barrels (320,000 m3) of oil/318,000 metric tons.By way of comparison, the United Kingdom consumed about 1.6 million barrels (250,000 m3) of oil per day in 2009.ULCCs commissioned in the 1970s were the largest vessels ever built, but have all now been scrapped. A few newer ULCCs remain in service, none of which are more than 400 meters long( ref en.wikipedia ).

Chemical Tanker

A chemical tanker is a type of tanker ship designed to transport chemicals in bulk. As defined in MARPOL Annex II, chemical tanker means a ship constructed or adapted for carrying in bulk any liquid product listed in chapter 17 of the International Bulk Chemical Code. As well as industrial chemicals and clean petroleum products, such ships also often carry other types of sensitive cargo which require a high standard of tank cleaning, such as palm oil, vegetable oils, tallow, caustic soda, and methanol.

Oceangoing chemical tankers range from 5,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) to 35,000 DWT in size, which is smaller than the average size of other tanker types due to the specialized nature of their cargo and the size restrictions of the port terminals where they call to load and discharge.

Chemical tankers normally have a series of separate cargo tanks which are either coated with specialized coatings such as phenolic epoxy or zinc paint, or made from stainless steel.