Automatic translation
Safety at sea
The human factor is recognized as a key element in the safety of life on board ships and is responsible for the majority of accidents in the shipping sector. The safety of work at sea and the safety of navigation can be improved by paying more attention to the human element.
The broad scope and importance of the human factor make it a shared responsibility: IMO, as a regulator, Member States, as implementers; companies as suppliers of the necessary resources, safety policy and culture; and seafarers as persons who physically steer ships. Thus, the safety of life and work at sea, the protection of water resources and more than 80% of world trade depend on the professionalism and competence of seafarers.
The IMO International Convention on Standards for Training, Certification and Watchkeeping by Seafarers (STCW), 1978, was the first internationally agreed convention to address the issue of standardizing the level of competence of seafarers. In 1995, the STCW Convention was completely revised and updated to clarify the required standards of competence and provide effective mechanisms to ensure compliance with its provisions.
A comprehensive review of the STCW Convention and the STCW Code began in January 2006 and culminated in the Conference of the Parties to the STCW Convention, held from 21 to 25 June 2010 in Manila, Philippines. This conference identified and introduced several amendments to the IMO Convention, as well as the STCW Convention and Code. These amendments, now called the Manila Amendments, which provide increased training standards for seafarers, entered into force on 1 January 2012.
In 1997, IMO adopted a resolution setting out its vision, principles and goals for Human Factors. The human factor is a complex and multidimensional issue that affects not only the safety of work at sea, but also the protection and protection of global water resources, including human activities, that are carried out by ship crews, coastal authorities, regulators and other actors. They all need to work together to effectively tackle Human Factors issues.
Since the 1980s, IMO has increasingly turned to shipping people in their work. In 1989, IMO adopted Resolution A.647 (16) Management Guidelines for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention - the predecessor of what became the International Safety Management (ISM) Code. As a result, the ISM became mandatory for implementation, in accordance with the "International Convention for the Safety of Life at Work at Sea", 1974 (SOLAS).
Purpose of the ISM Code
The ISM Code is designed to improve the safety of international shipping and reduce pollution from ships by influencing the way ships are operated and operated by shipping companies. The ISM Code defines a global standard for the safe management and operation of ships, including the postulates for the implementation of a Safety Management System (SMS).
Effective implementation of the ISM Code should lead to a shift from a culture of “mindless” compliance with external rules to a culture of “thinking” safety self-regulation: developing a “safety culture” in every person, starting with a sense of responsibility for actions taken to improve safety and productivity.
In 1995, IMO adopted Guidelines for the Application by Administrations of the International Safety Management Code (ISM) by resolution A.788 (19). The revised guidelines were adopted by resolution A.913 (22) in 2001, followed by resolution A.1022 (26) in 2009, which were superseded by a new version adopted by resolution A.1071 (28) in 2013. canceled by decree A.1118 (30) from December 6, 2017.
The safety of life and work at sea for fishing vessel personnel is also on the list of key issues addressed by the IMO. They recognize the need to respond to the security crisis in the fishing industry and have adopted a number of tools to address this issue. One such instrument is the 1995 International Convention on the Training, Certification and Watchkeeping of Fishing Vessels Personnel (STCW-F), which aims to bring significant benefits and benefits to the fishing and fishing industry, including improving the safety of the fishing fleet.
The 1995 STCW-F Convention applies to the crews of offshore fishing vessels typically 24 meters in length or more and / or powered by a main power plant of 750 kW or more. The Convention is the first attempt to make the safety standards for the crews of fishing vessels binding globally and entered into force on 29 September 2012.
